Gadget Social

When I was a child, I used to play games on paper with my siblings. I used to create my own version of Snake and ladder or a dice-adventure game where you will have health and be faced against many kinds of obstacle that can reduce your health before you cross the finish line. But now, since we all have our own gadget now, my sisters prefer to search for games on Google Playstore or beating a new high score in Don’t Tap the White Tile. Actually I am no different than the other; I have my own stuff to do in gadget as well – this kind of story may sounds like I’m trying to tell you that those gadgets are making you antisocial and have less imagination, but I’m not. Without gadget, my sister would never be often to look up for Rubik solving tutorial videos on YouTube that make her possible to build her way up to reach 17 second solving time. Without gadget, I would never be able to share my thoughts about ideas with my close friends that move far from me because they study abroad. Many people around spreading words about how bad this technology but my take on this that gadget is not the one to blame. The gadget is not the problem but is viewed to be the culprit by most people because of three reasons – people oversells the disadvantage, people just focus on a small part and forget the big picture, and people like to compare.

                Firstly, people often oversell part of which they disagree and spread their words for others, forgetting the other side that might have big part too, which is the advantage. A video demoting the gadget that is titled “Look up” shows that a man has missed a chance to married to a girl to live a happy life and has ended up living up miserably alone just because he decided to look up to his gadget for an aid of map application instead of asking a girl that just passed by him. Meanwhile, there is an article talking about this video telling the reader that the author can marry a girl and live happily because he chose to spend time on gadget reading emails because he has to live apart from the girl since he met for the first time instead spend more time with other people in the real world. This shows us that one story can’t apply to just everyone, but people decided to see it the other way and just generalize things as bad or good. People can use gadgets for good or use it for bad, but it is not the gadget’s fault if people use it for bad.

                Secondly, people tend to focus on a small part rather than looking up for the big picture. Many people complain that they often find people always stare at their gadget and ignore the surroundings. People that complaining things like that don’t bother to think that people might be communicating someone they love, one might be thinking about an idea for an essay for his final task in their school, or a man could be in a deep sorrow, but he can’t just ask a stranger around for comfort. Additionally, I personally often find a group of people uses gadget so they can work projects together in a more effective way or competing on a multiplayer game together. Seeing a few person overuse gadget doesn’t everyone else does the same. It is just how people view its usage that makes it bad, not the gadget’s fault.

                Thirdly, people often to compare one thing to another. People that lived since the 70’s often found saying that people nowadays talk less to each other and prefer using a gadget instead. However, there is a study showing that in the last decade, the number of human interactions is more than we’ve ever had because the technology allows this to happen. People should realize that the world is never meant to stay the same. Social interactions do change but don’t necessarily change to worse. The phenomenon where people talk less to surrounding doesn’t exclusive to this age. In the old times, people tend to read newspaper in the train, just like us today with smartphones.

                People should, however, not completely label gadget as a bad thing even though they never saw people do better things with it. Gadgets are invented for a greater good, but some portion of people in the society just tend do use it wrongly and collectively create an impression that gadgets are making a bad influence to human’s society structure. It is needed to be realized that gadgets offer different ways to communicate with other which are more limitless than the previous one and it is not surprising that this makes a big change in how we communicate with each other. If something changes, it could be bad and it could be good and we, as the one who play the roles here, are the ones who decide to where this change leads. So what is needed to be done is to change ourselves as a being who utilize this technology to its fullest rather than being enslaved by it.

                To conclude, Gadget is not the problem but the people keeps blaming it to be. People should reflect on themselves and accept that gadget has also played some parts in their life too. Gadgets are just the tools that we can use and just like any other tools that have been invented, we can decide to use it or not, and when we use it, it is up to use to use it for bad or for good.

The Internet Culture

    “You could never predict the internet” quoted from some random internet user that was talking about 2014 internet phenomenon that everyone probably knows about Harlem Shake. Nobody would ever expect a video where a group of people dance crazily and randomly to be imitated by a big portion of the world including people with high status such as military, athletes, news channel, and even royal family of England. This nowadays phenomenon has shown that The internet has managed to be the main factor in the change of people’s taste in popular culture because of three reason – the easier people’s opinion can be heard, the easier people can be famous, and the easier people to find contents of their desire.
     The easier people’s opinion can be heard on the internet is the first reason because it has led people to be more frequently share their thoughts about something. The more frequent one share their thought, the more people will see it and, eventually, a number of others will relate to what one has shared; moreover, if the numbers are enough, it could be popular, no matter what the thing is. People can also express their judgement on something in a forum or a discussion group which allows for the creators on the internet to know more about what people like hence they will create something better so it could be popular. Even bad stuff could be popular if it is controversial enough and has involved a big group of people which results in backfire from those people who strongly disagree.
    The easier people can be famous is also the reason because it creates more role model for the internet user in the term of number and variety. Famous people on the internet will also come from the usual background such as student or a freelancer, and they don’t have to be a celebrity or a TV famous. These people could easily be a trendsetter because having a more usual background will let people to easily relate as more people will have the same background. Therefore, more things will be possible to be popular.
    The easier people to find contents of their desire is also another factor of change in people’s taste in popular culture as more new thing can be discovered by them. When people find something interesting to them, they have tendencies to tell their friends about it. Even though their friends might not always be interested, they will know more about it and unconsciously affect their perspective little by little which results in the whole change in people’s taste.
    The combination of the three reason and the more frequent three reason happen will result to an unending change in people’s taste in popular culture. As the internet progresses to a greater development, more people will be connected and more chances there are for a new thing to be the center of attention of many people. In conclusion, The internet does change, and will always change, people’s taste in popular culture.
   

2 250-word essays

essay 1 : topic 2

Employers should promote employees within the company rather than hire managers from other companies. Companies tend to employ new managers that already had achievements and titles in their previous working whereabouts instead promoting current employees to be in charge of the management. However, even though it doesn’t necessarily wrong, there are several reasons on why promoting employees within the company can be better in result. One reason is that, quality-wise, current employees have something that no outsiders have, which is that current employees have experiences in working together with their colleagues and they will have more potential to be a better manager compared to hired managers from outside the company. The next reason is not just outsiders will not always have one hundred percent guarantee on their qualities despite their titles and achievements before, but also having a manager from outside means employees will more likely to have difficulties in adapting and alleviating working pace because they will work with someone new. Another reason is that workers from outside who seek for high position tend to bring their ‘standards’ from their previous company; and those ‘standards’ are not only their working style, but also their wage demands. Reputable managers have tendency to set their wage demands similar to their previous job, and when a company decided to hire someone from a bigger company that is said to have good managers, not only it would be more expensive, but also could create a distance between the managers and worker because of the wage gap.

               

essay 2 : topic 5

Giving can be very good for businesses if it is incorporated into it in a well-mannered way. Given the definition of giving which is letting someone have something that we have without asking anything in return, giving is one of the best way to make businesses grow, enhancing the fact that company’s goals are not only to sell products and to gain highest profit possible, but also to serve its customer where satisfaction of customers is one important aspect to keep company alive. The first reason why giving can be good for businesses is when you incorporate giving into your business in an authentic way, you turn your customers into your most avid and loyal marketer (Mycoskie, 2014). Giving is not just nice and is not just making customers satisfied, but also making customers want to share how good your products are with their friends and families hence making the products being marketed to a wider scope automatically. The second reason is that giving in business in a proper way gives a company moral reputation and good impression which makes the product will not be hard to be advertised and makes one company appeals easier to another company. Additionally, having a good moral reputation prevents a company to clash with either social or religion institution who play a big part in controlling what customers buy. The third is that giving in business would make employees within the company feel that they are being in a part of something good and consequently making them more loyal and enjoying their work.

The Different One

Emmet Brickowski is a different kind of 'The Chosen One'. Unlike the usual 'Chosen One' that is shown to be distinguishably more talented and have more potential, this protagonist of the movie titled 'The Lego Movie' is literally the contrary. Fulfilling the prophecy, Emmet, among a group called 'The Builder' who opposes the villain of the story, is the least talented one. Emmet was just another regular citizen who works in building constructions while 'The Builders' are people who have powers to create and build things really fast. Even though people doubt whether  Emmet really is the chosen one or not, Emmet doesn't give up when everyone does. In the end, Emmet realizes that everyone is special and even 'The Chosen One' is no more special than others. Realizing that, Emmet becomes the one who unites and motivates everyone and successfully defeat the villain together once and for all.

Villain Analysis : Toffee

Toffee, one of the villains of a fantasy cartoon show titled "Stars Vs. The Forces of Evil", plays an unexpected role throughout the story. Even though he is not introduced early unlike most of the protagonist and antagonist, his arrival in the story as the new minion for the first main villain really amplifies the work of evil done in the story which is previously shown as silly, straight-forward, highly unplanned actions to become smart, slow-but-certain, intense strategies. This lawyer-dressed tall lizard could even replace the leader of the team by earning the evil members' trust and using his master's mistakes. Even when the season of the show ends, the protagonist just knows that Toffee has been behind the curtain for quite some time while it is revealed that Toffee already had an in-depth knowledge of the situations and successfully executed his plans with a blind victory, leaving the protagonist clueless of what actually happened. Knowing all of these, it is expected that Toffee will most likely to have a major role in the upcoming season.

Welcome! Get comfortable, have your seat!

Welcome to my small and simple blog. Here is the place solely for you if you are looking for inspiration and random stuff. My name is Kevin Erdiza Yogatama and I am here as your companion. I am now a university student who is excited to learn many things. I hope you and I are on the right track as the world we shall explore is undeniably unending. So, enjoy your visit!

Perencanaan Robot Kreatif

Robot Mainan dari Komponen Bekas

Abstraksi

Dunia mainan anak-anak adalah dunia yang tidak pernah surut termasuk jika dikaji dari sisi bisnis. Dari mainan yang paling sederhana hingga mainan yang paling canggih, dan menerapkan teknologi tinggi  seperti robot yang menyerupai binatang peliharaan selalu mendapatkan segmen pasarnya tersendiri.

Dari segi bahannya dapat bermacam-macam. Bisa plastik, kayu, kain seng atau bahan-bahan bekas yang selama ini menjadi sumber masalah sampah, dapat di olah secara kreatif sehingga menghasilkan suatu bentuk kemasan mainan yang menarik. Ini menjadi sebuah tantangan sekaligus peluang bagi generasi muda kita

Dalam tulisan ini ingin mengulas sedikit tentang teknologi sistem digital untuk mobil-mobilan dengan memanfaatkan komponen komputer bekas. Ada beberapa Komponen atau perangkat  komputer yang lambat laun mengalami pergeseran karena ada komponen baru yang lebih mutakhir dan canggih. Seperti halnya disk drive besar yang dulu masih populer digunakan kini tinggal digudang-gudang/bengkel komputer tanpa bisa dimanfaatkan. Solusi terakhir biasanya adalah menyerahkan pada tukang rongsok (pengumpul barang bekas) untuk di daur ulang.

Ada komponen pada disk drive yang coba dimanfaatkan yaitu motor steper. Motor steper yang ada di disk drive dapat kita manfaatkan sebagai penggerak /actuator rancangan mobil-mobilan kali ini. Mobil-mobilang disini lebih menyerupai tingkah laku gerakan binatang yang mengikuti arah atau sumber cahaya. sehingga akan penulis beri namaRobot Mobil Pencari Cahaya.

Gambar 0. Motor  steper

Pemodelan Sitem Robot Mobil

            Dalam memodelkan atau menggambarkan sistem secara garis besar dapat dikaitkan dengan sistem kendali atau sistem instrumentasi. Walaupun sistem kendali dan sistem instrumentasi dibahas secara terpisah, namun keduanya saling mendukung dalam menjelaskan atau mengantarkan suatu perancangan sistem elektronika.  Suatu diagram blok sistem instrumenasi dapat dilihat pada Gambar 3.1. Sedangkan pengimplementasian sistem instrumentasi  pada Gambar   kesistem robot yang akan dibuat dapat dilihat pada Gambar….

Gambar 1 Variasi gerakan Robot Mobil Pencari Cahaya

Dibutuhkan dua motor stepper untuk menggerakkan robot mobil ini. Dan untuk menggerakkan satu motor stepper membutuhkan satu sistem yang teridiri dari sensor, pembagi tegangan, counter, clock, dekoder dan penguat. Dapat dilihat blok-blok dalam Gambar 3.2 ada beberapa blok perlu perancangan lebih detail dengan memperhatikan sinyal masukan dan sinyal keluaran yang diperlukan.

Keterangan Tx1 = Transduser awal (sensor)

                   SC1 = Pengkondisi sinyal awal

                   SP   = Pemroses sinyal

                   SC2 = pengkondisi sinyal akhir

                   Tx2 =  Transdiser akhir (aktuator)

Gambar 2. Diagram blok sistem instrumentasi elektronis

Gambar 3.   Diagram blok implementasi untuk robot mobil

1.      Rancangan rangkaian logika kombinasional

Dalam memulai rancangan secara keseluruhan perlu didahulukan blok atau komponen yang penting. Sehingga jika dalam perjalanan perancangan terdapat perubahan diharapkan tidak merubah sistem secara keseluruhan.

Rancangan logika kombinasional berkaitan dengan dekocer. Dekoder mendapat masukan dari counter dan mengeluarkan sinyal yang dibutuhkan untuk menggerakkan motor stepper. Fungsi dekoder ini untuk mengubah kode biner satu ke kode yang lain. Untuk merancang dekoder ini diperlukan beberapa langkah yang akan dijelaskan lebih lanjut.

Menentukan sinyal masukan dan keluaran. Dengan menentukan posisi keluaran untuk masing-masing kombinasi masukan, hasilnya dapat dilihat dalam Tabel    Sinyal masukan dekoder merupakan keluaran dari IC counter sedangkan sinyal keluaran dekoder merupakan sinyal yang dibutuhkan untuk menggerakkan motor stepper.

Melihat bentuk tiap keluaran dekoder. Maka dapat terbentuk tabel kebenaran seperti Tabel untuk keluaran B. Dari tabel kebenaran tersebut dapat ditentukan gerbang atau kombinasi gerbang yang dapat menghasilkan sini.

Tabel 1.   Posisi keluaran terhadap masukan dekoder

Masukan		Keluaran
B’	A’	D	C	B	A
0	0	1	0	0	1
0	1	0	0	1	1
1	0	0	1	1	0
1	1	1	1	0	0

                    Tabel Salah satu keluaran dekoder

Masukan		keluaran
B’	A’	B
0	0	0
0	1	1
1	0	1
1	1	0

Gambar 4. Gerbang EXOR

Menetukan gerbang yang dapat diterapkan dalam sistem. Dengan melihat ciri Tabel dapat ditentukan bahwa gerbang yang dapat digunakan adalah gerbang EXOR Bisa dilihat sinyal keluaran D adalah kebalikan dari sinyal keluaran B, maka tinggal menambah gerbang NOT pada keluaran gerbang EXOR. Masih menerapkan gerbang EXOR, masukan sinyal A’B akan menghasilkan sinyal keluaran C, dimana A’ adalah sinyal keluaran counter dan B adalah keluaran dekoder yang diumpan balikkan menjadi masukan gerbang EXOR. Dan juga bisa dilihat bahwa sinyal keluaran A adalah kebalikan sinyal keluaran C. Maka dapat diterapkan rancangan gerbang logika yang sama  dengan gerbang yang mengeluarkan sinyal C hanya dengan menambah gerbang NOT pada keluarannya. Dari keterangan tiap-tiap sinyal keluaran juga dapat dijelaskan dengan ekspresi logika yaitu  A = A’+ B ,       B = A’+B’ ,   C= A’+ B, D = A’+ B’

                   Membuat untai digital berdasarkan tabel maupun ekspresi logika diatas. Berdasarkan tabel dan ekspresi logika atau untai logika yang terbentuk seperti yang ditunjukkan Gambar

                   Mendapatkan perwujutan rangkaian elektronik menggunakan IC yang siap pakai.Dalam penerapan rangkaian ini rangkaian gerbang EXOR IC 7486, dan gerbang NOT IC 7404. Jika dilihat dari Gambar

Gambar 5. Rangkaian kombinasional sebagai dekoder

2. Rancangan rangkaian sekuensial

Dalam rancangan rangkaian digital sekuensial kali ini berkaitan dengan counter. Tidak diterapkan prosedur secara formal dalam proses perancangannya. Dengan spesifikasi rancangan yang sederhana yaitu perancangan 2-bit, baik cacahan maju, mundur atau cacahan berhenti sebagai masukan dekoder, dapat dilihat modul-modul IC siap pakai yang tersedia dipasaran.

Dengan menggunakan buku data komponen elektronika  dipilih IC yang sesuai dengan rancangan  adalah IC 74191.  Dari empat keluaran IC yaitu Q_A, Q_B, Q_C danQ_D. dalam IC tersebut hanya akan diambil dua keluaran sebagai masukan dekoder yaitu kaki keluaran QA dan QB. Ini berarti counter hanya akan menghitung 0 sampai 3 (modulo-4).

IC 74191 mempunyai masukan D/U yang menentukan maju mundurnya cacahan, kaki masukan enable yang menentukan berhenti atau berjalannya cacahan. Masukan D/U dan enable  ini mendapat sinyal umpan balik dari sensor cahaya yaitu berupa taraf tinggi atau rendah (on-off).  Gambar  representasi counter sebagai kontroler atau pemroses sinyal

Gambar  6 Counter sebagai pemroses sinyal

Gambar 7. Hubungan IC counter dengan dekoder

3. Rancangan rangkaian pembagi tegangan

               Pembagi tegangan sebagai pengkondisi sinyal  masukan dari sensor. LDR sebagai sensor cahaya mempunyai karakteristik perubahan nilai hambatan terhadap perubahan intensitas cahaya yang mengenainya.

Gambar 8 Rangkaian pembagi tegangan

Rangkaian di buat sedemikian rupa sehingga menghasilkan keluaran 5 V (level tinggi) dan 0V (untuk level rendah) dengan Vcc yang akan diterapkan sekitar 9 volt.

4. Penempatan sensor.

                   Untuk mendeteksi posisi sumber cahaya yang akan dicari, perlu penempatan sensor secara tepat. Pada Gambar 9 merupakan metode penjajakan cahaya sensor robot terhadap berbagai kemungkinan posisi cahaya.

Gambar 9   Metode Penjajakan Cahaya

Keterangan:

1,2,3,4,5= posisi sumber cahaya

Gambar 10. Posisi LDR

            Untuk mengarahkan sumber cahaya dan untuk mengurangi pengaruh cahaya lingkungan, LDR dilengkapi dengan armatur. Contoh bentuk armatur sensor terlihat pada Gambar 11.

 

Gambar 11. Armatur Sensor

Tabel 2.   Tanggapan robot terhadap posisi cahaya

Posisi Cahaya	Gerakan Motor		Sinyal Level Tinggi Dari	Bentuk Gerakan
	kiri	kanan
1	maju	diam	LDR1	Belok kanan
2	maju	maju	-	Maju
3	diam	maju	LDR2	Belok kiri
4	mundur	maju	LDR3	Belok kiri
5	maju	mundur	LDR4	Belok kanan

5. Pembuatan Alat.

a.       Pembuatan PCB

Sebelum membentuk rangkaian permanen, perlu langkah uji coba dan modifikasi rancangan. Dalam langkah ini project board dan software komputer EWB dapat membantu.

Rancangan yang telah dejelaskan sebelumnya merupakan hasil yang telah diuji coba dan mofikasi. Sehingga secara meyakinkan dapat direalisasikan kedalam bentuk rankaian yang lebih permanen.

b.      Pembuatan mekanik

Mekanik yang dimaksud adalah sebagai tempat motor penggerak dan hubungan dengan roda, tempat rangkaian elektronika dan tempat sumber energi.

Gambar. 12  Bentuk Mekanik Robot

PERCOBAAN ANALISIS

Setelah semua bagian telah diuji coba dari sensor-sensor sampai dengan percobaan PCB yang telah dibuat, maka sampai pada tahap percobaan alat secara keseluruhan, dimana rangkaian batery, motor dan roda-roda telah terpasang pada mekanik robot. Dalam percobaan alat secara keseluruhan perlu penyetelan variabel resistor pada pembagi tegangan, hal ini dilakukan untuk menyesuaikan dengan kondisi cahaya lingkungan sehingga diperoleh putaran motor normal sebagaimana yang diinginkan. Kemudian menjalankan robot tersebut untuk dilakukan percobaan antara lain yaitu:

1. Percobaan dengan Posisi Sumber Cahaya

a.       Percobaan 1 menguji bentuk gerakan robot, dengan menempatkan sumber cahaya 90°. Hasil percobaan dapat dilihat pada Tabel 3.

Table 3. Uji coba gerakan robot

No.	Posisi sumber Cahaya	Bentuk Gerakan
1.	Kanan robot (90°)	Belok kanan ± 75°
2.	Kiri robot (90°)	Belok kiri ± 75°

(a)

(b)

 

                                            Gambar 13.  Bentuk gerakan robot

(a)    Belok kiri

(b)   Belok kanan

2. Percobaan dengan Pengaruh keadaan Ruangan

Percobaan selanjutnya diamati bentuk gerakan, kecepatan tanggapan robot terhadap cahaya yang mengenainya pada kondisi lingkungan tertentu, hasilnya tercantum dalam Tabel  . percobaan yang dilakukan antara lain:

a.       Dilakukan pada siang hari di ruangan dengan penerangan.

b.      Dilakukan pada siang hari di ruangan tanpa penerangan.

c.       Dilakukan pada malam hari di ruangan dengan penerangan

d.      Dilakukan pada malam hari di ruangan tanpa penerangan

Tabel 4. hasil percobaan pada siang hari di ruangan dengan penerangan.

No.	Bentuk Gerakan	Posisi sumber Cahaya	Jarak Robot dengan Sumber	Waktu (T)
1.	Lurus	Di depan	1m	58 detik
2.	Belok kanan	Sebelah kanan	1m	60 detik
3.	Belok kiri	Sebelah kiri	1m	65 detik

(T) = waktu yang ditempuh robot untuk mencapai sumber cahaya

Tabel 5. Hasil percobaan pada siang hari diruangan tanpa penerangan

No.	Bentuk gerakan	Posisi sumber cahaya	Jarak robot dengan sumber cahaya	Waktu (T)
1.	Lurus	Di depan	1m	60 detik
2.	Belok kanan	Sebelah kanan	1m	67 detik
3.	Belok kiri	Sebelah kiri	1m	64 detik

Tabel 6. Hasil percobaan pada malam hari di ruangan dengan penerangan

No.	Bentuk gerakan	Posisi sumber cahaya	Jarak robot dengan sumber cahaya	Waktu (T)
1.	Lurus	Di depan	1m	60 detik
2.	Belok kanan	Sebelah kanan	1m	67 detik
3.	Belok kiri	Sebelah kiri	1m	70 detik

Tabel 7. Hasil percobaan pada malam hari di ruangan tanpa penerangan

No.	Bentuk gerakan	Posisi sumber cahaya	Jarak robot dengan sumber cahaya	Waktu (T)
1.	Lurus	Di depan	1m	60 detik
2.	Belok kanan	Sebelah kanan	1m	67 detik
3.	Belok kiri	Sebelah kiri	1m	70 detik

KESIMPULAN

Setelah melakukan perancangan ini alat secara keseluruhan ada beberapa hal yang bisa disimpulkan:

1.      Robot yang telah dibuat dapat melakukan variasi gerakan belok kanan, belok kiri lurus mengikuti sumber cahaya yang mengenainya.

2.      Rancangan yang diterapkan dalam robot adalah sistem Digital, sehingga secara teknologi tidak serumit jika menerapkan sistem mikroposesor, secara ekonomi diharapkan akan lebih terjangkau.

3.      Alat ini sangat peka dengan kondisi pencahayaan, sehingga tidak bisa di terapkan di ruangan terbuka dengan kondisi cahaya yang sangat terang.

SARAN

Alat ini masih berupa model untuk system elektroniknya. Masih diperlukan langkah-langkah untuk pengembangan termasuk menambah daya tarik dengan modifikasi casing atau tempat.

sumber : http://elkalanjut.blogspot.com/2010/11/v-behaviorurldefaultvmlo_03.html